An isolator is an electronic component used to isolate two parts of an electrical circuit, providing electrical insulation between them. This helps to protect sensitive components from electrical noise, ground loops, and other unwanted electrical signals.
Isolators are commonly used in applications where there is a need to protect sensitive electronics from high-voltage or high-current electrical signals. For example, they are used in power supplies, motor control circuits, and audio systems to provide isolation between the power source and the sensitive electronics.
Isolators can be implemented using a variety of techniques, including transformers, optocouplers, and capacitive or magnetic isolation. A transformer-based isolator uses a transformer to provide galvanic isolation between the input and output sides of the circuit. Optocouplers use a combination of a light-emitting diode (LED) and a photosensitive transistor or diode to provide isolation. Capacitive or magnetic isolators use capacitors or inductors to block unwanted signals and provide electrical isolation.
Isolators are important components in many electronic systems as they provide an effective means of protecting sensitive electronics from unwanted electrical signals. They help to ensure the proper operation and reliability of electronic systems, particularly in high-voltage or high-current environments.
